{"id":1116,"date":"2019-05-31T07:14:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-31T05:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/?p=1116"},"modified":"2023-04-09T08:03:34","modified_gmt":"2023-04-09T06:03:34","slug":"die-geschichte-der-kurpfuscherei-in-deutschland","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/die-geschichte-der-kurpfuscherei-in-deutschland\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria lie\u010debnej medic\u00edny v Nemecku"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WQBFMMtDC1c\" target=\"_blank\">Pozrite si video<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Bild_2022-03-13_154611.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1745\" width=\"610\" height=\"343\"\/><figcaption>Foto: Andreas Weimann<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem profesion\u00e1lnej skupiny licencovan\u00fdch lek\u00e1rov v\u017edy existovali aj lie\u010ditelia, \u0161arlat\u00e1ni a \u0161arlat\u00e1nky. Niekedy proti nim lek\u00e1ri alebo predstavitelia vl\u00e1dy ostro vystupovali, zatia\u013e \u010do v niektor\u00fdch regi\u00f3noch a v in\u00fdch obdobiach im bolo povolen\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 svoju prax. Po tom, \u010do v roku 1869 \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 predpisy pre Nemeck\u00fd spolok zru\u0161ili z\u00e1kaz lie\u010dite\u013estva v Nemecku, nastal skuto\u010dn\u00fd rozmach laick\u00fdch lek\u00e1rov. Tento v\u00fdvoj dosiahol do\u010dasn\u00fd vrchol na prelome storo\u010d\u00ed. V tom \u010dase u\u017e existovali po\u010detn\u00e9 pokusy lek\u00e1rskych spolkov alebo \u0161t\u00e1tnych zdravotn\u00edckych org\u00e1nov o ukon\u010denie alebo aspo\u0148 obmedzenie tejto praxe, ale bez poznate\u013en\u00e9ho \u00faspechu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u010das prvej svetovej vojny sa vojensk\u00fdm org\u00e1nom \u010diasto\u010dne podarilo obmedzi\u0165 najhor\u0161ie excesy s od\u00f4vodnen\u00edm, \u017ee obrann\u00e9 sily s\u00fa ohrozen\u00e9 lie\u010dbou. Po\u010das Weimarskej republiky v\u0161ak do\u0161lo k o\u017eiveniu laick\u00e9ho lie\u010dite\u013esk\u00e9ho hnutia. Najm\u00e4 pomocou prostriedkov a met\u00f3d modern\u00fdch reklamn\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed sa viacer\u00fdm amat\u00e9rskym lie\u010dite\u013eom podarilo nal\u00e1ka\u0165 k sebe tis\u00edce pacientov a nesmierne zbohatn\u00fa\u0165. Viacer\u00ed laick\u00ed lie\u010ditelia boli zaryt\u00fdmi odporcami o\u010dkovania, odr\u00e1dzali svojich pacientov od vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania lie\u010dby u lek\u00e1rov a vyvol\u00e1vali v nich strach z \"bezduchej\" konven\u010dnej medic\u00edny. \u010coraz \u00faspe\u0161nej\u0161ie sa im darilo podkop\u00e1va\u0165 d\u00f4veru v lek\u00e1rske povolanie prostredn\u00edctvom cielen\u00fdch dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed a verejn\u00e9ho odsudzovania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nebezpe\u010denstvo, ktor\u00e9 to predstavovalo pre verejn\u00e9 zdravie, bolo d\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do bol v roku 1939 prijat\u00fd z\u00e1kon o lie\u010dite\u013eoch. Jeho cie\u013eom bolo aspo\u0148 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby u\u017e zlo\u010dinci nemohli manipulova\u0165 s chor\u00fdmi \u013eu\u010fmi a aby sa u\u017e ne\u0161\u00edrili pohlavn\u00e9 choroby a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 epid\u00e9mie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento z\u00e1kon plat\u00ed dodnes. Bol koncipovan\u00fd ako regula\u010dn\u00fd a \"z\u00e1nikov\u00fd z\u00e1kon\" pre laick\u00fdch lek\u00e1rov, ale v 50. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia bol v Spolkovej republike Nemecko zru\u0161en\u00fd rozsudkom Spolkov\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vneho s\u00fadu, ktor\u00fd rozhodol, \u017ee ustanovenia z\u00e1kona obmedzuj\u00face povolanie (najm\u00e4 z\u00e1kaz prij\u00edmania nov\u00fdch lek\u00e1rov) s\u00fa nezlu\u010dite\u013en\u00e9 so slobodou v\u00fdkonu povolania pod\u013ea z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Z\u00e1konodarca zrejme nebol schopn\u00fd rozpozna\u0165 potenci\u00e1l tohto rozhodnutia pre bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 pacientov a nechal to tak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Najnov\u0161ou iniciat\u00edvou, ktor\u00e1 sa kriticky pozer\u00e1 na t\u00fato situ\u00e1ciu a \u017eiada zru\u0161enie alebo z\u00e1sadn\u00fa reformu alternat\u00edvnych lek\u00e1rov, je M\u00fcnstersk\u00fd kruh pod veden\u00edm Prof. Dr. Bettiny Sch\u00f6ne-Seifert (Katedra lek\u00e1rskej etiky na Univerzite v M\u00fcnsteri). V \"<a href=\"https:\/\/muensteraner-kreis.de\/?page_id=13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u00fcnstersk\u00e9 memorandum pre alternat\u00edvnych odborn\u00edkov<\/a>\" kritizuje skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee z\u00e1konn\u00e9 ozna\u010denie \"alternat\u00edvny lek\u00e1r\" pacientom nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ide o \u0161t\u00e1tom certifikovan\u00fdch lie\u010dite\u013eov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa v podstate vy\u0161kolen\u00ed rovnako ako lek\u00e1ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faci <em>Sylvia Stang<\/em> je zubn\u00fd lek\u00e1r a venuje sa vzdel\u00e1vaniu a ochrane pacientov pred pseudomedic\u00ednou a \u0161arlat\u00e1nstvom.<a href=\"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/author\/deutscher-konsumentenbund\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Nemeck\u00e9 zdru\u017eenie spotrebite\u013eov<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Na strane d\u00f4kazov, na strane spotrebite\u013eov: Nemeck\u00fd zv\u00e4z spotrebite\u013eov je uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm neziskov\u00fdm zdru\u017een\u00edm na ochranu spotrebite\u013eov.<\/h6>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zum Video Neben der Berufsgruppe der approbierten Mediziner hat es zu allen Zeiten Kurpfuscher, Scharlatane und Quacksalber gegeben. Sie wurden zeitweise von \u00c4rzten oder Vertretern der Regierungen vehement bek\u00e4mpft, in manchen Gegenden und zu manchen Zeiten lie\u00df man sie gew\u00e4hren. Nachdem in Deutschland im Jahr 1869 durch die Gewerbeordnung f\u00fcr den Deutschen Bund das Kurpfuschereiverbot [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1116","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1116"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3497,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1116\/revisions\/3497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}