{"id":1089,"date":"2021-01-28T07:24:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T06:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/?p=1089"},"modified":"2023-04-09T08:02:07","modified_gmt":"2023-04-09T06:02:07","slug":"wie-sind-die-erfolge-der-homoepathie-zu-erklaeren","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/2021\/01\/28\/wie-sind-die-erfolge-der-homoepathie-zu-erklaeren\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak lze vysv\u011btlit \"\u00fasp\u011bchy\" homeopatie?"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"714\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Bild_2022-03-11_234107.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1640\"\/><figcaption>Obr\u00e1zek: Mike Frajese \/ pixelio.de<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje mnoho zpr\u00e1v o \"\u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch\" homeopatie a \u010dasto se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bta \"Kdo l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, m\u00e1 pravdu\", aby se metoda ospravedlnila. \u010casto to lid\u00e9 komentuj\u00ed slovy: \"Nev\u00edme, jak to funguje, ale vid\u00edme, \u017ee to funguje!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tyto \"\u00fa\u010dinky\" jsou v\u0161ak sm\u011bsic\u00ed tzv. kontextov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159i jak\u00e9koli l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nebo v\u016fbec jak\u00e9koli p\u00e9\u010di, a naprost\u00e9ho p\u0159ece\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch individu\u00e1ln\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a nemaj\u00ed s \"metodou homeopatie\" v\u016fbec nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Individu\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti ve smyslu \"Ale mn\u011b \/ m\u00e9 rodin\u011b \/ m\u00fdm pacient\u016fm v praxi to pomohlo!\" jsou nepochybn\u011b \"skute\u010dn\u00e9\", jejich platnost pro toho, kdo je pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, je nesporn\u00e1. Nikdy v\u0161ak nejsou z\u00e1kladem pro obecn\u011b platn\u00e9 v\u00fdroky. Jednak je jich p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo na to, aby prok\u00e1zaly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed korelace, jednak jsou nevyhnuteln\u011b poznamen\u00e1ny takzvan\u00fdm \"konfirma\u010dn\u00edm zkreslen\u00edm\", v\u011bt\u0161inou \u0161iroce podce\u0148ovan\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd \u010din\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 osobn\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fasudek velmi nespolehliv\u00fdm. Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159evratn\u00fdch poznatk\u016f v\u011bdy je, \u017ee k obecn\u011b platn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm lze dosp\u011bt pouze tehdy, pokud jsou v nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edch studi\u00edch co nejv\u00edce eliminov\u00e1ny v\u0161echny subjektivn\u00ed vlivy (t\u011bch je je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e konfirma\u010dn\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed) (nap\u0159. zaslepen\u00edm v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch skupin i vedouc\u00edch studie a tak\u00e9 hodnotitel\u016f, srovn\u00e1vac\u00edmi skupinami, z nich\u017e jedna dost\u00e1v\u00e1 testovan\u00fd l\u00e9k a druh\u00e1 placebo nebo platnou standardn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edho). Jen tak se lze p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnosti opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho tvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto proveden\u00e9 studie (klinick\u00e9 studie) nikdy neprok\u00e1zaly v\u00fdhodu homeopatick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby oproti pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed placeba, pokud byly spln\u011bny nezbytn\u00e9 standardy kvality - mimo osobn\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dojem osobn\u011b pro\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu, \"\u00fa\u010dinku\" homeopatie, je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b podpo\u0159en skute\u010dn\u011b pozorovan\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky. Nejde v\u0161ak o n\u011bco, co \"homeopat\u00e9 (zat\u00edm) nedok\u00e1\u017eou vysv\u011btlit\", jak se \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Dnes v\u00edme mnoho o tzv. psychogenn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch l\u00e9\u010dby a o samol\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch schopnostech organismu, a tak m\u016f\u017eeme \"\u00fa\u010dinky\" homeopatie snadno vysv\u011btlit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Placebo efekt (\"to mi ud\u011bl\u00e1 dob\u0159e\") po o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed nebo zku\u0161enost s p\u0159\u00e1telskou \"p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed\" je jen jedn\u00edm z nich. Nen\u00ed imagin\u00e1rn\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat i m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 reakce. Je pouze jedna v\u011bc, kterou nedok\u00e1\u017ee: vyl\u00e9\u010dit zjevnou nemoc. Pokud nemoc nen\u00ed samouzdraviteln\u00e1 a p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed - vysok\u00fd - pr\u00e1h schopnosti organismu uzdravit se, je homeopatie v konc\u00edch - i p\u0159edt\u00edm t\u011b\u017eila pouze z kontextov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f a pr\u00e1v\u011b ze schopnosti uzdravit se, nikoli z \u00fa\u010dinku \"vlastn\u00edho\" metod\u011b. Homeopatie nefunguje nad r\u00e1mec placeba, a to neospravedl\u0148uje \"l\u00e9ka\u0159skou metodu\". Mnoho ka\u017edodenn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, m\u00e1 toti\u017e placebo \u00fa\u010dinky, ani\u017e by n\u011bkoho napadlo kolem nich budovat l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd ritu\u00e1l a prod\u00e1vat to jako terapii. A p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b se placebo efekt tak\u00e9 objevuje, jen se zde p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 specifick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek v\u011bdecky podlo\u017een\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby.<a href=\"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/author\/deutscher-konsumentenbund\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">N\u011bmeck\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u016f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Na stran\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f, na stran\u011b spot\u0159ebitel\u016f: N\u011bmeck\u00fd svaz spot\u0159ebitel\u016f je uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm neziskov\u00fdm sdru\u017een\u00edm na ochranu spot\u0159ebitel\u016f.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace pod kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm slovem \"homeopatie<\/h5>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Existuje mnoho zpr\u00e1v o \"\u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch\" homeopatie a \u010dasto se k ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed metody p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bta \"Kdo l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, m\u00e1 pravdu\". \u010casto se pak p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 koment\u00e1\u0159 \"Nev\u00edme, jak to funguje, ale vid\u00edme, \u017ee to funguje!\". Tyto \"\u00fa\u010dinky\" jsou v\u0161ak sm\u011bsic\u00ed tzv. kontextov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, kter\u00e9 se mohou vyskytnout p\u0159i jak\u00e9mkoli druhu l\u00e9\u010dby, a to jak p\u0159i [...]...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[42,43],"class_list":["post-1089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-heil-und-arzneimittel-therapien","tag-homoeopathie","tag-pseudomedizin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1089","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1089"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1089\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3501,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1089\/revisions\/3501"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1089"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1089"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euroconsum.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}